Heads or tails: Experimental quantum coin flipping cryptography performs better than classical protocols

(Phys.org) --Cryptography - the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties, referred to as adversaries - has a long and varied history. In ancient Greece, for example, the Spartan military may have used the so-called scytale transposition cipher to encrypt and decrypt messages. Steganography (hiding the existence of a message) was also first developed at that time as, according to Herodotus, a message tattooed on a slave's shaved head and then hidd...