Detection of transcranial direct current stimulation deep in the living human brain

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) produces electric fields (EFs) at subcortical levels of the human brain, report investigators . Data demonstrate that detected voltage changed proportionally with the amount of current applied and varied by pad placement. This clinical evidence reveals that scalp-applied tDCS can indeed generate EFs deep inside the living human brain that are potentially of biological relevance.