Efficient control of leukemia with treatment by dual immune-checkpoint blockade

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a hematological malignancy. When infiltrating tissues, CLL cells come in contact with healthy cells, including immune cells. Researchers have now characterized the composition of immune cells and circulating cytokines of the CLL microenvironment in mouse models using mass cytometry. Based on this knowledge, they propose an immunotherapeutic strategy with two immune checkpoint inhibitors that efficiently blocks disease development in preclinical tests.